Cusco is much more than a historic city. It is the former heart of the Inca Empire and one of the most important cultural destinations in South America. Walking through its streets feels like stepping across centuries, where Inca stonework stands beside colonial churches, traditional markets, and scenic viewpoints.
If you are planning your Cusco travel itinerary, this detailed guide to the top things to do in Cusco will help you organize your trip and make the most of every day of your Peru vacation.
Plaza de Armas of Cusco
The Plaza de Armas is the historic and social center of Cusco. During the Inca Empire, this space was known as Huacaypata and served as the setting for religious ceremonies and official celebrations.
Today, it is the main meeting point for travelers exploring downtown Cusco. The square is surrounded by colonial arches, restaurants with traditional balconies, and artisan shops. It is the perfect place to begin your Cusco sightseeing tour, adjust to the altitude, and enjoy the local atmosphere.
At night, the lighting highlights the colonial architecture, creating a stunning backdrop for photography during your South America trip.
Cusco Cathedral
Located directly in front of the Plaza de Armas, the Cusco Cathedral is one of the most important religious landmarks in Peru. Construction began in the 16th century over former Inca palaces.
Inside, visitors can admire masterpieces from the Cusco School of Art, blending European techniques with Andean symbolism. Highlights include intricately carved altars, colonial paintings, and sacred gold and silver artwork.
Visiting the cathedral offers insight into the transformation of Cusco during the colonial era and is a must on any Cusco city tour.
Qorikancha – Temple of the Sun
Qorikancha was the most sacred temple of the Inca Empire. Its name means “Golden Enclosure,” as its walls were once covered with sheets of gold that reflected sunlight.
Dedicated to Inti, the Inca sun god, the temple impresses visitors with its perfectly cut stone walls, engineered to withstand earthquakes for centuries. Built atop its foundations is the Convent of Santo Domingo, creating a powerful architectural contrast between Inca and Spanish history.
This landmark is essential for anyone interested in Inca history tours and cultural experiences in Cusco.
Sacsayhuamán
Sacsayhuamán is one of the most impressive archaeological sites near Cusco. It is located just minutes from the city center by car or a scenic uphill walk.
Its massive stone blocks, some weighing over 100 tons, were assembled with remarkable precision without mortar. The site had both defensive and ceremonial purposes.
From the top, visitors enjoy panoramic views of the city, making it one of the best Cusco viewpoints and a highlight of many archaeological tours in Peru.
San Blas Neighborhood
San Blas is known as the artistic district of Cusco. Its narrow, steep streets preserve a traditional charm that invites relaxed exploration.
Here you will find artisan workshops, art galleries, handmade textiles, and cozy cafés with terraces. It is a great place to shop for authentic souvenirs and experience a quieter side of the city.
For travelers seeking culture, creativity, and unique experiences, San Blas is a top stop on any Cusco walking tour.
San Pedro Market
San Pedro Market is one of the most authentic places in Cusco. Designed in the early 20th century, it remains the city’s main local market.
Inside, visitors discover Andean fruits, medicinal herbs, handcrafted cheeses, fresh juices, and traditional Peruvian dishes prepared on the spot. It is the perfect place to explore local flavors during your Peru food tour.
A visit here offers a deeper connection to everyday life beyond the typical tourist routes.
Museums in Cusco
Cusco offers several museums that enrich the cultural experience for visitors interested in Inca civilization and pre-Columbian heritage.
Inka Museum
Located near the Plaza de Armas, it houses archaeological artifacts, textiles, ceramics, and tools that explain the development of the Inca Empire.
Pre-Columbian Art Museum
This museum showcases artistic pieces that illustrate the cultural evolution of ancient Peru before the arrival of the Spanish.
Both museums provide valuable historical context for travelers exploring historic sites in Cusco.
Day Trips from Cusco
Cusco serves as the gateway to some of the most iconic destinations in Peru.
Sacred Valley of the Incas
Just a few hours away, the Sacred Valley combines dramatic mountain landscapes with important archaeological sites such as Pisac and Ollantaytambo. It is one of the most popular Sacred Valley tours for visitors.
Rainbow Mountain
Known for its natural mineral colors, Rainbow Mountain is one of the most sought after hiking tours in Peru for adventure travelers.
Machu Picchu
Recognized as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World, Machu Picchu is the most famous destination in the country. Most travelers begin their Machu Picchu tours from Cusco.
Tips for Visiting Cusco
Due to its altitude, it is recommended to spend one or two days acclimating before engaging in strenuous activities. Staying hydrated and walking at a steady pace helps your body adjust.
Booking in advance is essential during peak travel season, especially for Machu Picchu tickets and guided excursions.
Comfortable walking shoes and sun protection are also important, as weather conditions can change throughout the day.
Cusco: Where History Meets Adventure
The top attractions in Cusco offer a unique blend of history, living culture, and breathtaking Andean landscapes. Each site reveals a different chapter of Peru’s past while delivering unforgettable travel experiences.
With proper planning, Cusco becomes the perfect starting point for discovering the Andes and creating lifelong memories on your next Peru travel adventure.
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